Issue No. 10 - Oct. (2016 vol. 15)
ISSN: 1536-1233
pp: 2411-2423
Xiao-Yang Liu , Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY
Shuchin Aeron , Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA
Vaneet Aggarwal , School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
Xiaodong Wang , Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY
Min-You Wu , Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
ABSTRACT
Indoor localization is a supporting technology for a broadening range of pervasive wireless applications. One promising approach is to locate users with radio frequency fingerprints. However, its wide adoption in real-world systems is challenged by the time- and manpower-consuming site survey process, which builds a fingerprint database a priori for localization. To address this problem, we visualize the 3-D RF fingerprint data as a function of locations (x-y) and indices of access points (fingerprint), as a tensor and use tensor algebraic methods for an adaptive tubal-sampling of this fingerprint space. In particular, using a recently proposed tensor algebraic framework in [1] , we capture the complexity of the fingerprint space as a low-dimensional tensor-column space. In this formulation, the proposed scheme exploits adaptivity to identify reference points which are highly informative for learning this low-dimensional space. Further, under certain incoherency conditions, we prove that the proposed scheme achieves bounded recovery error and near-optimal sampling complexity. In contrast to several existing work that rely on random sampling, this paper shows that adaptivity in sampling can lead to significant improvements in localization accuracy. The approach is validated on both data generated by the ray-tracing indoor model which accounts for the floor plan and the impact of walls and the real world data. Simulation results show that, while maintaining the same localization accuracy of existing approaches, the amount of samples can be cut down by $71$ percent for the high SNR case and $55$ percent for the low SNR case.
INDEX TERMS
Tensile stress, Radio frequency, Electron tubes, Buildings, Matrix decomposition, Mobile computing, Databases
CITATION

X. Liu, S. Aeron, V. Aggarwal, X. Wang and M. Wu, "Adaptive Sampling of RF Fingerprints for Fine-Grained Indoor Localization," in IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 15, no. 10, pp. 2411-2423, 2016.
doi:10.1109/TMC.2015.2505729