Subscribe
Issue No.02 - Feb. (2013 vol.24)
pp: 250-259
Shih Heng Cheng , National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu
Ching Yao Huang , National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu
ABSTRACT
In this study, random incomplete coloring (RIC) with low time-complexity and high spatial reuse is proposed to overcome in-between wireless-body-area-networks (WBAN) interference, which can cause serious throughput degradation and energy waste. Interference-avoidance scheduling of wireless networks can be modeled as a problem of graph coloring. For instance, high spatial-reuse scheduling for a dense sensor network is mapped to high spatial-reuse coloring; fast convergence scheduling for a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is mapped to low time-complexity coloring. However, for a dense and mobile WBAN, inter-WBAN scheduling (IWS) should simultaneously satisfy both of the following requirements: 1) high spatial-reuse and 2) fast convergence, which are tradeoffs in conventional coloring. By relaxing the coloring rule, the proposed distributed coloring algorithm RIC avoids this tradeoff and satisfies both requirements. Simulation results verify that the proposed coloring algorithm effectively overcomes inter-WBAN interference and invariably supports higher system throughput in various mobile WBAN scenarios compared to conventional colorings.
INDEX TERMS
Color, Wireless sensor networks, Wireless communication, Mobile ad hoc networks, Complexity theory, Copper, Body area networks, time-complexity, Wireless body area network, sensors, inter-WBAN interference, scheduling, graph coloring, spatial reuse
CITATION
Shih Heng Cheng, Ching Yao Huang, "Coloring-Based Inter-WBAN Scheduling for Mobile Wireless Body Area Networks", IEEE Transactions on Parallel & Distributed Systems, vol.24, no. 2, pp. 250-259, Feb. 2013, doi:10.1109/TPDS.2012.133
REFERENCES
 [1] M. Patel and W. Jianfeng, "Applications, Challenges, and Prospective in Emerging Body Area Networking Technologies," IEEE Wireless Comm., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 80-88, Feb. 2010. [2] M. Chen, S. Gonzalez, A. Vasilakos, H. Cao, and V.C. Leung, "Body Area Networks: A Survey," Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 171-193, 2011. [3] I.F. Akyildiz, W.L. Su, Y. Sankarasubramaniam, and E. Cayirci, "A Survey on Sensor Networks," IEEE Comm. Magazine, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 102-114, Aug. 2002. [4] S.M. Jiang, Y.D. Liu, Y.M. Jiang, and Q.G. Yin, "Provisioning of Adaptability to Variable Topologies for Routing Schemes in MANETs," IEEE J. Selected Areas in Comm., vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 1347-1356, Sept. 2004. [5] B. De Silva, A. Natarajan, and M. Motani, "Inter-User Interference in Body Sensor Networks: Preliminary Investigation and An Infrastructure-Based Solution," Proc. Sixth Int'l Workshop Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks, pp. 35-40, 2009. [6] S.H. Cheng and C.Y. Huang, "Power Model for Wireless Body Area Network," Proc. IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conf., pp. 1-4, 2008. [7] S.H. Cheng, M.L. Liu, and C.Y. Huang, "Radar Based Network Merging for Low Power Mobile Wireless Body Area Network," Proc. Fourth Int'l Symp. Medical Information and Comm. Technology, 2010. [8] I. Howitt, "Mutual Interference between Independent Bluetooth Piconets," IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technology, vol. 52, no. 3, pp. 708-718, May 2003. [9] A. El-Hoiydi, "Interference between Bluetooth Networks - Upper Bound on the Packet Error Rate," IEEE Comm. Letters, vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 245-247, June 2001. [10] S. Gandham, M. Dawande, and R. Prakash, "Link Scheduling in Wireless Sensor Networks: Distributed Edge-Coloring Revisited," J. Parallel and Distributed Computing, vol. 68, no. 8, pp. 1122-1134, Aug. 2008. [11] B.J.B. FonsecaJr., "An Augmented Graph-Based Coloring Scheme to Derive Upper Bounds for the Performance of Distributed Schedulers in CSMA-Based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," Proc. Int'l Wireless Comm. and Mobile Computing Conf., pp. 761-766, 2006. [12] S. Ramanathan, "A Unified Framework and Algorithm for Channel Assignment in Wireless Networks," Wireless Networks, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 81-94, Mar. 1999. [13] D.B. West, Introduction to Graph Theory, second ed. Prentice Hall, 2000. [14] C. Zhu and M.S. Corson, "A Five-Phase Reservation Protocol (FPRP) for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks," Wireless Networks, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 371-384, Aug. 2001. [15] IEEE 802.15 WPAN Task Group 6 Body Area Networks, "15-08-0644-09-0006-tg6 Technical Requirements Document," 2008. [16] A. Bjorklund, T. Husfeldt, and M. Koivisto, "Set Partitioning via Inclusion-Exclusion," SIAM J. Computing, vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 546-563, July 2009. [17] Ö. Johansson, "Simple Distributed $\Delta +1$ -Coloring of Graphs," Information Processing Letters, vol. 70, no. 5, pp. 229-232, June 1999. [18] K. Kothapalli, C. Scheideler, M. Onus, and C. Schindelhauer, "Distributed Coloring in O(Radic (log n)) Bit Rounds," Proc. 20th Int'l Parallel and Distributed Processing Symp., p. 10, 2006. [19] Y. Métivier, J.M. Robson, N. Saheb-Djahromi, and A. Zemmari, "About Randomised Distributed Graph Colouring and Graph Partition Algorithms," Information and Computation, vol. 208, no. 11, pp. 1296-1304, 2010. [20] R.M. Corless, G.H. Gonnet, D.E.G. Hare, D.J. Jeffrey, and D.E. Knuth, "On the Lambert W Function," Advances in Computational Math., vol. 5, pp. 329-359, 1996. [21] D.A. Grable and A. Panconesi, "Nearly Optimal Distributed Edge Coloring in O(log log n) Rounds," Random Structures & Algorithms, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 385-405, May 1997. [22] C.T. Chou, J. Del Prado Pavon, and N. Sai Shankar, "Mobility Support Enhancements for the WiMedia UWB MAC Protocol," Proc. Second Int'l Conf. Broadband Networks, pp. 213-219, 2005. [23] V. Tolety, "Load Reduction in Ad Hoc Networks Using Mobile Servers," master's thesis, Dept. of Math. and Computer Sciences, Colorado School of Mines, Colorado, 1999. [24] T. Camp, J. Boleng, and V. Davies, "A Survey of Mobility Models for Ad Hoc Network Research," Wireless Comm. & Mobile Computing, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 483-502, Aug. 2002.