Adopting a new distributed-checkpointing RAID architecture, the authors develop a single I/O address space for building highly available clusters of workstations. They propose a systematic approach to achieving single-system image by integrating existing middleware support with the newly developed features through cluster hardware and software experimentation.

H. Jin, Z. Xu, C. Wang, E. Chow and K. Hwang, "Designing SSI Clusters with Hierarchical Checkpointing and Single I/O Space," in IEEE Concurrency (out of print), vol. 7, no. , pp. 60-69, 1999.
doi:10.1109/4434.749136