| | This Article | |
| |
| |
| | Share | |
| |
| |
| | Bibliographic References | |
| |
| |
| | Add to: | |
| |
 Digg
 Furl
 Spurl
 Blink
 Simpy
 Google
 Del.icio.us
 Y!MyWeb
| |
| | Search | |
| |
| |
| | |
Network Visualization by Semantic Substrates
September-October 2006 (vol. 12 no. 5)
pp. 733-740
Networks have remained a challenge for information visualization designers because of the complex issues of node and link layout coupled with the rich set of tasks that users present. This paper offers a strategy based on two principles: (1) layouts are based on user-defined semantic substrates, which are non-overlapping regions in which node placement is based on node attributes, (2) users interactively adjust sliders to control link visibility to limit clutter and thus ensure comprehensibility of source and destination. Scalability is further facilitated by user control of which nodes are visible. We illustrate our semantic substrates approach as implemented in NVSS 1.0 with legal precedent data for up to 1122 court cases in three regions with 7645 legal citations.
[1] 733 R.A. Becker, S.G. Eick, and A.R. Wilks, Visualizing Network Data. IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 1 (1), 16–28, March 1995.[2] B. B. Bederson, J. Grosjean, and J. Meyer, Toolkit Design for Interactive Structured Graphics. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering 30 (8), 535–546, 2004.[3] C. Best and H.-C. Hege, Visualizing and Identifying Conformational Ensembles in Molecular Dynamics Trajectories. Computers in Science and Engineering 4 (3), 68, 2002.[4] M. Bilgic, L. Licamele, L. Getoor, and B. Shneiderman, D-Dupe: Entity Resolution in Networks, IEEE Symposium on Visual Analytics Science and Technology, 2006.[5] K. Börner, C. Chen, and K. Boyack, Visualizing Knowledge Domains. Annual Review of Info. Science and Technology 37, 2003.[6] U. Brandes and D. Wagner, Visone: Analysis and Visualization of Social Networks, In: M. Juenger and P. Mutzel editors, Special Issue on Graph Drawing Software, Springer Series in Mathematics and Visualization, 321–340, Springer-Verlag, 2003.[7] B.-J. Breitkreutz, C. Stark, and M. Tyers, Osprey: a network visualization system, Genome Biol. 4 (3): R22, 2003. Available at: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.govarticlerender.fcgi?artid=153462 [8] C. Chen, Bridging the Gap: The Use of Pathfinder Networks in Visual Navigation, Journal of Visual Languages and Computing 9, 3, 267–286, 1998.[9] R. Davidson and D. Harel, Drawing Graphs Nicely Using Simulated Annealing, ACM Trans. on Graphics 15, 4, 301–331, 1996.[10] W. De Nooy, A. Mrvar, V. Baragelj, and M. Granovetter, Exploratory Social Network Analysis with Pajek, Cambridge Univ. Press, U.K., 2005.[11] G. Di Battista, P. Eades, R. Tamassia, and I. G. Tollis, Graph Drawing: algorithms for the visualization of graphs. Prentice-Hall, 1999.[12] P. Eades, A Heuristic for Graph Drawing, Congressus Numerantium 42, 149–160, 1984.[13] P. Eades and Q.-W. Feng, Multilevel Visualization of Clustered Graphs. Proc. Graph Drawing, LNCS 1190, 101–112, 1996.[14] T.M.G. Fruchterman and E. Reingold, Graph Drawing by Force-Directed Placement, Software-Practice and Experience 21: 11, 1129–1164, 1991.[15] E. Gansner and S. North, Improved Force-Directed Layouts, Proceedings of Graph Drawing 98, LNCS 1547, 364–373, 1998.[16] E. Garfield, Historiographic mapping of knowledge domains literature, Journal of Information Science 30 (2): 119–145, 2004.[17] M. Ghoniem, J.-D. Fekete, and P. Castagliola, A Comparison of the Readability of Graphs using Node-Link and Matrix-Based Representations. Proc. IEEE Symposium of Information Visualization 2004, 17–24, 2004.[18] R. Hadany and D. Harel, A Multi-Scale Method for Drawing Graphs Nicely, Discrete Applied Mathematics 113, 3–21, 2001.[19] D. Harel and Y. Koren, A Fast Multi-Scale Method for Drawing Large Graphs. Proceedings of Graph Drawing 2000, LNCS 1984, 183–196, 2000.[20] D. Harel and Y. Koren, Drawing Graphs with Non-Uniform Vertices. Proc. Conf. on Advanced Visual Interfaces (AVI'2002), Trento, Italy, ACM Press, 157–166, 2002. http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il/~dharel/ papersnon_uniform_avi_acm.pdf[21] J. Heer and D. Boyd, Vizster: Visualizing Online Social Networks, Proc. IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, 33–40, 2005.[22] B. Huffaker, E. Nemeth, and K. Claffy, Otter: A General Purpose Network Visualization Tool http://www.caida.org/tools/visualization/ otter/paper. 1999.[23] T. Kamada and S. Kawai, An Algorithm for Drawing General Undirected Graphs, Information Processing Letters 31, 7–15, 1989.[24] T. Kamps, J. Kleinz, and J. Read, Constraint-Based Spring-Model Algorithm for Graph Layout, Proceedings of Graph Drawing 95, LNCS 1027, 349–360, 1995.[25] E. Kandogan and B. Shneiderman, Elastic Windows: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of Multi-Window Operations, Software: Practice & Experience 28 (3), 225–248, 1998.[26] H. Kang and B. Shneiderman, Personal Media Exploration: A Spatial Interface Supporting User-Defined Semantic Regions. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing 17 (3), 254–283, 2006.[27] C. Kosak, J. Marks, and S. Shieber, Automating the Layout of Network Diagrams with Specified Visual Organization. IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, 24 (3), 440–454, 1994.[28] B. Lee, M. Czerwinski, G. Robertson, and B.B. Bederson, Understanding Research Trends in Conferences using PaperLens. Extended Abstracts of CHI 2005, ACM Press, New York, 1969–1972, 2005.[29] M. McGuffin and R. Balakrishnan, Interactive Visualization of Genealogical Graphs, Proc. IEEE Symposium on Information Visualization, IEEE Press, Piscataway, NJ, 17–24, 2005.[30] K. Misue, P. Eades, W. Lai, and K. Sugiyama, Layout Adjustment and the Mental Map. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing, 6: 2, 183–210, 1995.[31] T. Munzner, Interactive Visualization of Large Graphs and Networks. PhD thesis, Stanford University, 2000.[32] B. Nardi, S. Whittaker, E. Isaacs, M. Creech, J. Johnson, and J. Hainsworth, ContactMap: Integrating Communication and Information Through Visualizing Personal Social Networks. Communications of the ACM, 45 (4), 89–95, April 2002.[33] A. J. Pretorius and J.J. van Wijk, Multidimensional Visualization of Transition Systems. Proc. 9th Int'l Conf. Information Visualization, 323–328, 2005.[34] D. Schaffer, Z. Zuo, S. Greenberg, L. Bartram, J. Dill, S. Dubs, and M. Roseman, Navigating Hierarchically Clustered Networks through Fisheye and Full-Zoom Methods. ACM Trans. on Computer-Human Interaction 3 (2), 162–188, 1996.[35] M. A. Storey, M. Musen, J. Silva, C. Best, N. Ernst, R. Fergerson, and N. Noy., Jambalaya: Interactive visualization to enhance ontology authoring and knowledge acquisition in Protege. In Workshop on Interactive Tools for Knowledge Capture, Victoria, B.C. Canada, October 2001. Available at http://sern.ucalgary.ca/ksi/K-CAPK-CAP2001 /[36] K. Sugiyama, S. Tagawa, and M. Toda, Methods for Visual Understanding of Hierarchical Systems. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, SMC-11 (2): 109–125, 1981.[37] M. Wattenberg, Visual Exploration of Multivariate Graphs. Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems, 811–819, 2006.[38] G. Wills, NicheWorks — Interactive Visualization of Very Large Graphs. Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 8 (2), 190–212, 1999.
Index Terms:
Network visualization, semantic substrate, information visualization, graphical user interfaces
Citation:
Ben Shneiderman, Aleks Aris, "Network Visualization by Semantic Substrates," IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 733-740, Sept. 2006, doi:10.1109/TVCG.2006.166
