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Completely Lazy Learning
PrePrint
ISSN: 1041-4347
Eric K. Garcia, University of Washington, Seattle
Sergey Feldman, University of Washington, Seattle
Maya R. Gupta, University of Washington, Seattle
Santosh Srivastava, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle
Local classifiers are sometimes called lazy learners because they do not train a classifier until presented with a test sample. However, such methods are generally not completely lazy, because the neighborhood size k (or other locality parameter) is usually chosen by cross-validation on the training set, which can require significant preprocessing and risks overfitting. We propose a simple alternative to cross-validation of the neighborhood size that requires no pre-processing: instead of committing to one neighborhood size, average the discriminants for multiple neighborhoods. We show that this forms an expected estimated posterior that minimizes the expected Bregman loss with respect to the uncertainty about the neighborhood choice. We analyze this approach for six standard and state-of-the-art local classifiers, including discriminative adaptive metric kNN (DANN), a local support vector machine (SVM-KNN), hyperplane distance nearest-neighbor (HKNN) and a new local Bayesian quadratic discriminant analysis. The empirical effectiveness of this technique vs. cross-validation is validated with experiments on several benchmark data sets. Experiments with seven benchmark datasets show that the same classification performance is attained as cross-validation without any training.
Index Terms:
Numerical Algorithms and Problems, Pattern matching, Probability and Statistics, Algorithm design and analysis, Machine learning
Citation:
Eric K. Garcia, Sergey Feldman, Maya R. Gupta, Santosh Srivastava, "Completely Lazy Learning," IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, 02 Jul. 2009. IEEE computer Society Digital Library. IEEE Computer Society, <http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TKDE.2009.159>
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