The purpose of this research project is to consolidate and formalize as ontology, on the basis of an extensive literature review, the key processes and skills required for successful implementation of ERP in an SME. Using the Prot?g? software program, the research identified and formalized 395 terms, each of which has its own definition. Exploitation of this ontology could take multiple and varied forms, including creation of a learning system, an on-line cooperation platform, or a project management process mapping tool contributing to successful use of ERP in SMEs.