Nowadays, the detection and correction of software defects has become a very hard task for software engineers. Most importantly, the lack of standard specifications of these software defects along with the lack of tools for their detection, correction and verification forces developers to perform manual modifications; resulting not only in mistakes, but also in costs of time and resources. The work presented here is a study of the specification and correction of a particular type of software defect: Object-Oriented anti-patterns. More specifically, we define a UML-based specification of anti-patterns and establish design transformations for their correction. Through this work, we expect to open up the possibility to automate the detection and correction of these kinds of software defects.