Fraud, deception and their recognition have received increasing attention in multiagent systems (MAS), ecommerce, and agent societies. However, little attention has been given to the theoretical foundation for fraud and deception from a logical viewpoint. This paper will fill this gap by arguing that experience-based reasoning (EBR) is a logical foundation for recognizing fraud and deception. It provides a logical analysis of deception, which classifies recognition of deception into knowledge-based deception recognition, inference-based deception recognition, and hybrid deception recognition. It will examine the relationship between EBR and fraud as well as deception. It uses EBR to recognize fraud and deception in ecommerce and MAS. The proposed approach will facilitate research and development of recognition of fraud and deception in e-commerce.