We propose a new approach for Arabic word recognition called affixal approach. This approach is founded on morphological structure of Arabic vocabulary. A mechanism of decompositionrecognition is used in our approach and makes it possible to lead to a set of reliable solutions for each word. This mechanism tries to recognize word basic morphemes: prefix, infix, suffix and root contrary to existing approaches which are usually based on recognition of word entity by holistic approach, pseudo-word entity by pseudo-analytical approach or letter entity by analytical approach. In this paper, we will present limits of existing approaches for Arabic word recognition. We will expose then Arabic vocabulary structure. We will detail after affixal approach for Arabic decomposable vocabulary recognition with a word example. Lastly, we will expose experimental results obtained on a basis of 1000 words data set.