In this paper we describe a web-based educational application for individualised instruction on the domain of programming and algorithms. The application adapts to each user dynamically. This is achieved via the system?s user model, which relies on stereotypes. The determination of the stereotypes is based on the knowledge level of the learner. The transition of a learner from one stereotype to another one reveals her/ his learning state. In particular, learners are modelled for all possible cognitive states with respect to their progress or non-progress, while they interact with the educational application.