Societal dependence on largescale, networkcentric systems continues to grow. But cost and complexity are increasing, and errors and vulnerabilities persist despite best efforts. Evidence suggests that software engineering is reaching the limits of development technologies evolved in the first fifty years of computing. A need exists to create a next-generation software engineering (NGSE) for the next fifty years that will reduce cost and complexity for fast and correct development of the ultralargescale systems of the future. NGSE is envisioned as a computational engineering discipline, largely enabled by theorybased, semanticsdirected automation that permits intellectual control at a scope and scale unattainable with present methods.