Almost all interesting mathematical algorithmic questions relate to NP-hard questions. Such computation is prone to explode exponentially. The authors anticipate the greatest benefit will come from mathematical platforms that allow for computer-assisted insight generation, not from solutions of grand-challenge problems.
Citation:
Jonathan M. Borwein, Peter B. Borwein, "Challenges in Mathematical Computing," Computing in Science and Engineering, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 48-53, May/June 2001, doi:10.1109/5992.919266