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10th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS'04)
Empirical Quantification of Pessimism in State-of-the-Art Scheduling Theory Techniques for Periodic and Sporadic DRE Tasks
Toronto, Canada
May 25-May 28
ISBN: 0-7695-2148-7
Gautam H. Thaker, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories, Cherry Hill, NJ
Patrick J. Lardieri, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories, Cherry Hill, NJ
Donald K. Krecker, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories, Cherry Hill, NJ
Michael Price, Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Laboratories, Cherry Hill, NJ
Distributed, Real-time, Embedded (DRE) systems present numerous challenges with respect to certification of their real-time behavior. Ideally, to address these we would like to build a model of our system that captures relevant information about end to end real-time requirements, resource consumptions requirements and resource availability, and subject the model to real-time scheduling analysis to predict performance. Presently, scheduling theory techniques have seen limited application in DRE systems for multiple reasons including pessimistic predictions of worst-case response times. Our study quantifies the pessimism in the predictions of worst-case response times of competing end-to-end distributed periodic tasks by comparing values observed in simulation with values computed using multiple scheduling theory techniques. Specifically we consider non-greedy synchronization protocols for tasks with a high degree of recurrence. Our results show that for an end-to-end task model non-greedy techniques, when used with proportional deadline monotonic scheduling, reduce the pessimism in worst-case response time predictions to within 5% of the actual value in over 90% of cases. These (quasi) static techniques represent a baseline against which we can evaluate emerging, control theoretic, adaptive scheduling methods.
Index Terms:
real-time scheduling, scheduability analysis, periodic tasks, distributed task scheduling, end-to-end task scheduling
Citation:
Gautam H. Thaker, Patrick J. Lardieri, Donald K. Krecker, Michael Price, "Empirical Quantification of Pessimism in State-of-the-Art Scheduling Theory Techniques for Periodic and Sporadic DRE Tasks," rtas, pp.490, 10th IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS'04), 2004
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