A new multiple-valued current-mode (MVCM) integrated circuit based on Adaptive Threshold Voltage Control (ATVC) is proposed for high-speed VLSI applications while maintaining low power. Adaptive threshold voltages, which are changed in the opposite direction of an input signal, are generated so that the voltage difference between an input voltage and a threshold voltage is always larger than that of a Fixed Threshold Voltage Control (FTVC). Moreover, shifting of an input to a lower voltage results in better performance. As a typical application of a high-performance arithmetic circuit, a radix-2 signed-digit full adder (SDFA) is designed in a 0.18-?m CMOS technology. Simulation results show that the speed of SDFA based on the proposed ATVC is almost 1.7 times faster than that of conventional FTVC under normalized power consumption.