In order to promote computer-based education and training, it is crucial to establish interoperability of learning contents, learner information, and learning system components. In the US, Europe and Asia, government, industry and academia are paying attention and making effort toward this direction. Several learning technology standardization initiatives are developing specifications covering quite large field such as platform, multimedia data, learning contents, learner information, and competency definitions. This paper discusses the needs of learning technology standards, summarizes the efforts in each initiative, and describes the future direction of standardization effort.