This Article 
   
 Share 
   
 Bibliographic References 
   
 Add to: 
 
Digg
Furl
Spurl
Blink
Simpy
Google
Del.icio.us
Y!MyWeb
 
 Search 
   
In-Band Spectrum Sensing in IEEE 802.22 WRANs for Incumbent Protection
December 2010 (vol. 9 no. 12)
pp. 1766-1779
ASCII Text
x 
 
Hyoil Kim, Kang G. Shin, "In-Band Spectrum Sensing in IEEE 802.22 WRANs for Incumbent Protection," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1766-1779, December, 2010.
 
 
BibTex
x
 
@article{ 10.1109/TMC.2010.169,
author = {Hyoil Kim and Kang G. Shin},
title = {In-Band Spectrum Sensing in IEEE 802.22 WRANs for Incumbent Protection},
journal ={IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing},
volume = {9},
number = {12},
issn = {1536-1233},
year = {2010},
pages = {1766-1779},
doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TMC.2010.169},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
}
 
 
RefWorks Procite/RefMan/Endnote
x 
 
TY - JOUR
JO - IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
TI - In-Band Spectrum Sensing in IEEE 802.22 WRANs for Incumbent Protection
IS - 12
SN - 1536-1233
SP1766
EP1779
EPD - 1766-1779
A1 - Hyoil Kim,
A1 - Kang G. Shin,
PY - 2010
KW - Cognitive radio
KW - IEEE 802.22
KW - energy and feature detection
KW - clustered sensor network
KW - spectrum sensing scheduling.
VL - 9
JA - IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
ER -
 
Hyoil Kim, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Kang G. Shin, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
In cognitive radios, in-band spectrum sensing is essential for the protection of legacy spectrum users, enabling secondary users to vacate channels immediately upon detection of primary users. For in-band sensing, it is important to meet detectability requirements, such as the maximum allowed detection latency and the probability of misdetection and false alarm. In this paper, we propose key techniques for efficient in-band sensing. We first advocate the use of clustered sensor networks, and propose a periodic in-band sensing algorithm that optimizes sensing period and sensing time to meet the detectability requirements while minimizing sensing overhead. The scheme also determines the better of energy or feature detection incurring less sensing overhead at each SNR level, and derives the threshold aRSS_{threshold} on the average received signal strength of a primary signal above which energy detection is preferred to feature detection. We consider two key factors affecting aRSS_{threshold}: noise uncertainty and inter-CRN interference. aRSS_{threshold} appears to lie between -114.6 {\rm dBm} and -109.9 {\rm dBm} with noise uncertainty ranging from 0.5 dB to 2 dB, and between -112.9 {\rm dBm} and -110.5 {\rm dBm} with 1-6 interfering CRNs. We also investigate how strict the detection requirement must be for efficient reuse of idle channels without incurring unnecessary channel switches due to false detection of primaries.

[1] H. Kim and K.G. Shin., “In-Band Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks: Energy Detection or Feature Detection?” Proc. ACM MobiCom, pp. 14-25, Sept. 2008.
[2] FCC, Spectrum Policy Task Force Report, ET Docket No. 02-135, Nov. 2002.
[3] C. Cordeiro, K. Challapali, and M. Ghosh., “Cognitive PHY and MAC Layers for Dynamic Spectrum Access and Sharing of TV Bands,” Proc. ACM Int'l Workshop Technology and Policy for Accessing Spectrum (TAPAS '06), Aug. 2006.
[4] IEEE 802.22 Working Group on Wireless Regional Area Networks, http://www.ieee802.org22, 2010.
[5] G. Ganesan and Y. Li, “Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks,” Proc. IEEE Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), pp. 137-143, 2005.
[6] A. Ghasemi and E.S. Sousa, “Collaborative Spectrum Sensing for Opportunistic Access in Fading Environments,” Proc. IEEE Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), pp.131-136, Nov. 2005.
[7] A. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications. Cambridge Univ. Press, 2005.
[8] T. Chen, H. Zhang, G.M. Maggio, and I. Chlamtac, “CogMesh: A Cluster-Based Cognitive Radio Network,” Proc. IEEE Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), pp. 168-178, Apr. 2007.
[9] C. Sun, W. Zhang, and K.B. Letaief, “Cluster-Based Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio Systems,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Comm. (ICC '07), pp. 2511-2515, June 2007.
[10] P. Pawelczak, C. Guo, R.V. Prasad, and R. Hekmat, “Cluster-Based Spectrum Sensing Architecture for Opportunistic Spectrum Access Networks,” IRCTR-S-004-07 Report, Feb. 2007.
[11] M. Gudmundson, “Correlation Model for Shadow Fading in Mobile Radio Systems,” Electronic Letters, vol. 27, no. 23, pp. 2145-2146, Nov. 1991.
[12] R. Tandra and A. Sahai, “Fundamental Limits on Detection in Low SNR Under Noise Uncertainty,” Proc. Int'l Conf. Wireless Networks, Comm., and Mobile Computing (WirelessCom), June 2005.
[13] R. Tandra and A. Sahai, “SNR Walls for Feature Detectors,” Proc. IEEE Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN '07), pp. 559-570, Apr. 2007.
[14] S. Shellhammer, S.N. Shankar, R. Tandra, and J. Tomcik, “Performance of Power Detector Sensors of DTV Signals in IEEE 802.22 WRANs,” Proc. ACM Int'l Workshop Technology and Policy for Accessing Spectrum (TAPAS '06), Aug. 2006.
[15] H.-S. Chen, W. Gao, and D.G. Daut, “Spectrum Sensing Using Cyclostationary Properties and Application to IEEE 802.22 WRAN,” Proc. IEEE Global Telcomm. (GLOBECOM) Conf., pp.3133-3138, Nov. 2007.
[16] L.P. Goh, Z. Lei, and F. Chin, “DVB Detector for Cognitive Radio,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Comm. (ICC '07), pp. 6460-6465, June 2007.
[17] C.R. Stevenson, C. Cordeiro, E. Sofer, and G. Chouinard, Functional Requirements for the 802.22 WRAN Standard, IEEE 802.22-05/0007r47, Jan. 2006.
[18] D. Datla, R. Rajbanshi, A.M. Wyglinski, and G.J. Minden, “Parametric Adaptive Spectrum Sensing Framework for Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks,” Proc. IEEE Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), pp. 482-485, Apr. 2007.
[19] A.T. Hoang and Y.-C. Liang, “Adaptive Scheduling of Spectrum Sensing Periods in Cognitive Radio Networks,” Proc. IEEE Global Telecomm. (GLOBECOM '07) Conf., pp. 3128-3132, Nov. 2007.
[20] H. Kim and K.G. Shin, “Efficient Discovery of Spectrum Opportunities with MAC-Layer Sensing in Cognitive Radio Networks,” IEEE Trans. Mobile Computing, vol. 7, no. 5, pp. 533-545, May 2008.
[21] S. Geirhofer, L. Tong, and B.M. Sadler, “Dynamic Spectrum Access in the Time Domain: Modeling and Exploiting White Space,” IEEE Comm. Magazine, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 66-72, May 2007.
[22] A. Ghasemi and E.S. Sousa, “Opportunistic Spectrum Access in Fading Channels through Collaborative Sensing,” J. Comm., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 71-82, Mar. 2007.
[23] S. Shellhammer and R. Tandra, An Evaluation of DTV Pilot Power Detection, IEEE 802.22-06/0188r0, July 2006.
[24] S. Shellhammer, An ATSC Detector Using Peak Combining, IEEE 802.22-06/0243r0, Nov. 2006.
[25] N. Han, S. Shon, J.H. Chung, and J.M. Kim, “Spectral Correlation Based Signal Detection Method for Spectrum Sensing in IEEE 802.22 WRAN Systems,” Proc. Int'l Conf. Advanced Comm. Technology (ICACT), pp. 1765-1770, Feb. 2006.
[26] A. Sahai and D. Cabric, “Cyclostationary Feature Detection,” Tutorial at the IEEE Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN '05) (Part II), Nov. 2005.
[27] V. Tawil, DTV Signal Captures, IEEE 802.22-06/0038r0, Mar. 2006.
[28] S. Shellhammer, V. Tawil, G. Chouinard, M. Muterspaugh, and M. Ghosh, Spectrum Sensing Simulation Model, IEEE 802.22-06/0028r10, Sept. 2006.
[29] A. Sahai, R. Tandra, S.M. Mishra, and N. Hoven, “Fundamental Design Tradeoffs in Cognitive Radio Systems,” Proc. ACM Int'l Workshop Technology and Policy for Accessing Spectrum (TAPAS '06), Aug. 2006.
[30] E. Sofer, WRAN Channel Modeling, IEEE 802.22-05/0055r0, July 2005.
[31] T.S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practices, second ed. Prentice Hall PTR, 2002.
[32] S.M. Mishra, A. Sahai, and R.W. Brodersen, “Cooperative Sensing among Cognitive Radios,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Comm. (ICC), pp.1658-1663, June 2006.
[33] G. Chouinard, WRAN Reference Model, IEEE 802.22-04/0002r12, Sept. 2005.
[34] H.-S. Chen, W. Gao, and D.G. Daut, “Spectrum Sensing for Wireless Microphone Signals,” Proc. IEEE Conf. Sensor, Mesh, and Ad Hoc Comm. and Networks (SECON), June 2008.
[35] S. Xu, Y. Shang, and H. Wang, “SVD Based Sensing of a Wireless Microphone Signal in Cognitive Radio Networks,” Proc. Int'l Conf. Comm. Systems (ICCS), pp. 222-226, June 2008.
[36] S. Shellhammer, Numerical Spectrum Sensing Requirements, IEEE 802.22-06/0088r0, June 2006.
[37] S. Shellhammer and G. Chouinard, Spectrum Sensing Requirements Summary, IEEE 802.22-06/0089r1, June 2006.
[38] S. Shellhammer and R. Tandra, Performance of the Power Detector with Noise Uncertainty, IEEE 802.22-06/0134r0, July 2006.
[39] W. Caldwell, Draft Recommended Practice, IEEE 802.22-06/0242r04, Mar. 2007.
[40] C. Cordeiro, M. Ghosh, D. Cavalcanti, and K. Challapali, “Spectrum Sensing for Dynamic Spectrum Access of TV Bands,” Proc. Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Comm. (CrownCom), July 2007.

Index Terms:
Cognitive radio, IEEE 802.22, energy and feature detection, clustered sensor network, spectrum sensing scheduling.
Citation:
Hyoil Kim, Kang G. Shin, "In-Band Spectrum Sensing in IEEE 802.22 WRANs for Incumbent Protection," IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1766-1779, Dec. 2010, doi:10.1109/TMC.2010.169
Usage of this product signifies your acceptance of the Terms of Use.