This Article 
   
 Share 
   
 Bibliographic References 
   
 Add to: 
 
Digg
Furl
Spurl
Blink
Simpy
Google
Del.icio.us
Y!MyWeb
 
 Search 
   
Improving Shape Depiction under Arbitrary Rendering
August 2011 (vol. 17 no. 8)
pp. 1071-1081
ASCII Text
x 
 
Romain Vergne, Romain Pacanowski, Pascal Barla, Xavier Granier, Christophe Schlick, "Improving Shape Depiction under Arbitrary Rendering," IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1071-1081, August, 2011.
 
 
BibTex
x
 
@article{ 10.1109/TVCG.2010.252,
author = {Romain Vergne and Romain Pacanowski and Pascal Barla and Xavier Granier and Christophe Schlick},
title = {Improving Shape Depiction under Arbitrary Rendering},
journal ={IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics},
volume = {17},
number = {8},
issn = {1077-2626},
year = {2011},
pages = {1071-1081},
doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TVCG.2010.252},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
}
 
 
RefWorks Procite/RefMan/Endnote
x 
 
TY - JOUR
JO - IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
TI - Improving Shape Depiction under Arbitrary Rendering
IS - 8
SN - 1077-2626
SP1071
EP1081
EPD - 1071-1081
A1 - Romain Vergne,
A1 - Romain Pacanowski,
A1 - Pascal Barla,
A1 - Xavier Granier,
A1 - Christophe Schlick,
PY - 2011
KW - Expressive rendering
KW - NPR
KW - shape depiction
KW - shading
KW - global illumination.
VL - 17
JA - IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
ER -
 
Romain Vergne, Bordeaux 1 University, Talence
Romain Pacanowski, CEA-CESTA, BP 2, Le Barp
Pascal Barla, INRIA Bordeau - Sud-Ouest, Talence
Xavier Granier, INRIA Bordeau - Sud-Ouest, Talence
Christophe Schlick, Bordeaux 2 University, Talence
Based on the observation that shading conveys shape information through intensity gradients, we present a new technique called Radiance Scaling that modifies the classical shading equations to offer versatile shape depiction functionalities. It works by scaling reflected light intensities depending on both surface curvature and material characteristics. As a result, diffuse shading or highlight variations become correlated with surface feature variations, enhancing concavities and convexities. The first advantage of such an approach is that it produces satisfying results with any kind of material for direct and global illumination: we demonstrate results obtained with Phong and Ashikmin-Shirley BRDFs, Cartoon shading, sub-Lambertian materials, perfectly reflective or refractive objects. Another advantage is that there is no restriction to the choice of lighting environment: it works with a single light, area lights, and interreflections. Third, it may be adapted to enhance surface shape through the use of precomputed radiance data such as Ambient Occlusion, Prefiltered Environment Maps or Lit Spheres. Finally, our approach works in real time on modern graphics hardware making it suitable for any interactive 3D visualization.

[1] T. Saito and T. Takahashi, “Comprehensible Rendering of 3-D Shapes,” Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 197-206, 1990.
[2] M. Pharr and S. Green, “Ambient Occlusion,” GPU Gems, Addison-Wesley, 2004.
[3] T. Ritschel, K. Smith, M. Ihrke, T. Grosch, K. Myszkowski, and H.-P. Seidel, “3D Unsharp Masking for Scene Coherent Enhancement,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 1-8, 2008.
[4] R. Vergne, R. Pacanowski, P. Barla, X. Granier, and C. Schlick, “Light Warping for Enhanced Surface Depiction,” Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH, Aug. 2009.
[5] R. Vergne, R. Pacanowski, P. Barla, X. Granier, and C. Schlick, “Radiance Scaling for Versatile Surface Enhancement,” I3D '10: Proc. Symp. Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, Feb. 2010.
[6] M. Nienhaus and J. Döllner, “Blueprints: Illustrating Architecture and Technical Parts Using Hardware-Accelerated Non-Photorealistic Rendering,” Proc. Graphics Interface (GI '04), pp. 49-56, 2004.
[7] Y. Ohtake, A. Belyaev, and H.-P. Seidel, “Ridge-Valley Lines on Meshes via Implicit Surface Fitting,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 3, no. 23, pp. 609-612, 2004.
[8] D. DeCarlo, A. Finkelstein, S. Rusinkiewicz, and A. Santella, “Suggestive Contours for Conveying Shape,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 848-855, 2003.
[9] T. Judd, F. Durand, and E.H. Adelson, “Apparent Ridges for Line Drawing,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 26, no. 3, p. 19, 2007.
[10] Y. Lee, L. Markosian, S. Lee, and J.F. Hughes, “Line Drawings via Abstracted Shading,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 26, no. 3, p. 18, 2007.
[11] T. Goodwin, I. Vollick, and A. Hertzmann, “Isophote Distance: A Shading Approach to Artistic Stroke Thickness,” NPAR '07: Proc. Int'l Symp. Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering, pp. 53-62, 2007.
[12] M. Kolomenkin, I. Shimshoni, and A. Tal, “Demarcating Curves for Shape Illustration,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 1-9, 2008.
[13] L. Zhang, Y. He, X. Xie, and W. Chen, “Laplacian Lines for Real Time Shape Illustration,” I3D '09: Proc. Symp. Interactive 3D Graphics and Games, 2009.
[14] G. Miller, “Efficient Algorithms for Local and Global Accessibility Shading,” SIGGRAPH '94: Proc. 21st Ann. Conf. Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 319-326, 1994.
[15] T. Cornsweet, Visual Perception. Academic Press, 1970.
[16] G. Kindlmann, R. Whitaker, T. Tasdizen, and T. Möller, “Curvature-Based Transfer Functions for Direct Volume Rendering: Methods and Applications,” Proc. IEEE Visualization, pp. 513-520, Oct. 2003.
[17] P. Cignoni, R. Scopigno, and M. Tarini, “A Simple Normal Enhancement Technique for Interactive Non-Photorealistic Renderings,” Computers and Graphics, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 125-133, 2005.
[18] S. Rusinkiewicz, M. Burns, and D. DeCarlo, “Exaggerated Shading for Depicting Shape and Detail,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 1199-1205, 2006.
[19] R. Vergne, P. Barla, X. Granier, and C. Schlick, “Apparent Relief: A Shape Descriptor for Stylized Shading,” NPAR '08: Proc. Int'l Symp. Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering, pp. 23-29, 2008.
[20] G. Cipriano, G.N. PhillipsJr, and M. Gleicher, “Multi-Scale Surface Descriptors,” IEEE Trans. Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 1201-1208, Nov./Dec. 2009.
[21] M. Ashikhmin, S. Premoze, and P. Shirley, “A Microfacet-Based BRDF Generator,” Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH, pp. 65-74, 2000.
[22] J. Kautz, P.-P. Vázquez, W. Heidrich, and H.-P. Seidel, “Unified Approach to Prefiltered Environment Maps,” Proc. Eurographics Workshop Rendering Techniques, pp. 185-196, 2000.
[23] P.-P.J. Sloan, W. Martin, A. Gooch, and B. Gooch, “The Lit Sphere: A Model for Capturing NPR Shading from Art,” Proc. Graphics Interface, pp. 143-150, 2001.
[24] S. Bruckner and M.E. Gröller, “Style Transfer Functions for Illustrative Volume Rendering,” Computer Graphics Forum, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 715-724, Sept. 2007.
[25] T. Malzbender, D. Gelb, and H. Wolters, “Polynomial Texture Maps,” SIGGRAPH '01: Proc. 28th Ann. Conf. Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques, pp. 519-528, 2001.
[26] D.A.v. Koenderink, J.J., “Shape and Shading,” The Visual Neurosciences, pp. 1090-1105, MIT Press, 2003.
[27] Y.-X. Ho, M.S. Landy, and L.T. Maloney, “How Direction of Illumination Affects Visually Perceived Surface Roughness,” J. Vision, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. 634-648, 2006.
[28] F. Caniard and R.W. Fleming, “Distortion in 3D Shape Estimation with Changes in Illumination,” APGV '07: Proc. Symp. Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization, pp. 99-105, 2007.
[29] J.P. O'Shea, M.S. Banks, and M. Agrawala, “The Assumed Light Direction for Perceiving Shape from Shading,” APGV '08: Proc. Symp. Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization, pp. 135-142, 2008.
[30] E.H. Adelson, “On Seeing Stuff: The Perception of Materials by Humans and Machines,” Proc. Soc. of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) Conf. Series, B.E. Rogowitz and T.N. Pappas, eds., pp. 1-12, June 2001.
[31] P. Vangorp, J. Laurijssen, and P. Dutré, “The Influence of Shape on the Perception of Material Reflectance,” ACM Trans. Graphics, vol. 26, no. 3, p. 77, 2007.
[32] K.J. Pont, S.C., “Lluminance Flow,” Computer Analysis of Images and Patterns, pp. 90-97, Springer, 2003.
[33] Y. Adato, Y. Vasilyev, O. Ben Shahar, and T. Zickler, “Toward a Theory of Shape from Specular Flow,” Proc. IEEE Int'l Conf. Computer Vision (ICCV '07), pp. 1-8, 2007.
[34] R.W. Fleming, A. Torralba, and E.H. Adelson, “Specular Reflections and the Perception of Shape,” J. Vision, vol. 4, no. 9, pp. 798-820, 2004.

Index Terms:
Expressive rendering, NPR, shape depiction, shading, global illumination.
Citation:
Romain Vergne, Romain Pacanowski, Pascal Barla, Xavier Granier, Christophe Schlick, "Improving Shape Depiction under Arbitrary Rendering," IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 1071-1081, Aug. 2011, doi:10.1109/TVCG.2010.252
Usage of this product signifies your acceptance of the Terms of Use.