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On the Prediction of Java Object Lifetimes
July 2006 (vol. 55 no. 7)
pp. 880-892
ASCII Text
x 
 
Hajime Inoue, Darko Stefanovic, Stephanie Forrest, "On the Prediction of Java Object Lifetimes," IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 880-892, July, 2006.
 
 
BibTex
x
 
@article{ 10.1109/TC.2006.107,
author = {Hajime Inoue and Darko Stefanovic and Stephanie Forrest},
title = {On the Prediction of Java Object Lifetimes},
journal ={IEEE Transactions on Computers},
volume = {55},
number = {7},
issn = {0018-9340},
year = {2006},
pages = {880-892},
doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TC.2006.107},
publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
}
 
 
RefWorks Procite/RefMan/Endnote
x 
 
TY - JOUR
JO - IEEE Transactions on Computers
TI - On the Prediction of Java Object Lifetimes
IS - 7
SN - 0018-9340
SP880
EP892
EPD - 880-892
A1 - Hajime Inoue,
A1 - Darko Stefanovic,
A1 - Stephanie Forrest,
PY - 2006
KW - Object lifetimes
KW - workload characterization
KW - pretenuring
KW - object-oriented programming languages
KW - garbage collection
KW - program behavior.
VL - 55
JA - IEEE Transactions on Computers
ER -
 
Accurately predicting object lifetimes is important for improving memory management systems. Current garbage collectors make relatively coarse-grained predictions (e.g., "short-lived” versus "long-lived”) and rely on application-independent heuristics related to the local characteristics of an allocation. This paper introduces a prediction method which is fully precise and makes its predictions based on application-specific training rather than application-independent heuristics. By "fully precise” we mean that the granularity of predictions is equal to the smallest unit of allocation. The method described here is the first to combine high precision and efficiency in a single lifetime predictor. Fully precise prediction enables us, for the first time, to study zero-lifetime objects. The paper reports results showing that zero-lifetime objects comprise a significant fraction of object allocations in benchmark programs for the Java programming language and that they are correlated with their allocation context (the call stack and allocation site). Beyond zero-lifetime objects, the paper reports results on predicting longer lived objects, where, in some cases, it is possible to predict the lifetime of objects based on their allocation context (the call stack and allocation site) well. For the SPEC benchmark programs, the number of dynamically allocated objects whose call sites have accurate predictors ranges from 0.2 percent to 61 percent. This method could potentially improve the performance of garbage collectors. The paper proposes a death-ordered collector (DOC) and analyzes its implementation overheads and its best possible performance. The study shows how memory performance could be enhanced using the extra information provided by fully precise prediction.

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Index Terms:
Object lifetimes, workload characterization, pretenuring, object-oriented programming languages, garbage collection, program behavior.
Citation:
Hajime Inoue, Darko Stefanovic, Stephanie Forrest, "On the Prediction of Java Object Lifetimes," IEEE Transactions on Computers, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 880-892, July 2006, doi:10.1109/TC.2006.107
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