ISBN: 0-7695-2177-0

Ben Shneiderman, University of Maryland, College Park

Serge Van Sint Jan, University of Brussels (ULB), Belgium

Marco Viceconti, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Italy

Gordon Clapworthy, University of Luton, UK

Marco Viceconti, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Italy

Luca Astolfi, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Italy

Alberto Leardini, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Italy

Silvano Imboden, C.I.N.E.C.A., Italy

Marco Petrone, C.I.N.E.C.A., Italy

Paolo Quadrani, C.I.N.E.C.A., Italy

Fulvia Taddei, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Italy

Debora Testi, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Italy

Cinzia Zannoni, C.I.N.E.C.A., Italy

M. Krokos, University of Luton, UK

A. Savenko, University of Luton, UK

G. J. Clapworthy, University of Luton, UK

H. Lin, University of Luton, UK

R. Mayoral, University of Luton, UK

M. Viceconti, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Italy

S. Van Sint Jan, University of Brussels, Belgium

Paul Lajbcygier, Monash University, Clayton, Australia

Paul Mutton, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK

David Auber, LaBRI - Universit? Bordeaux 1, France

Maylis Delest, LaBRI - Universit? Bordeaux 1, France

Yves Chiricota, Universit? du Qu?bec ? Chicoutimi, Canada

Jimmy Johansson, Link?ping University

Robert Treloar, Unilever Research

Mikael Jern, Link?ping University

A. Johannes Pretorius, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium

R. J. Lapeer, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

R. S. Rowland, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

Min Si Chen, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

P. Gasson, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

R. J. Lapeer, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

A. D. Linney, University College London, UK

J. M. Buades, Department of Computer Science (UIB)

F. J. Perales, Department of Computer Science (UIB)

M. Gonzalez, Department of Computer Science (UIB)

A. Aguil?, Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)

P. Martinez, Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)

Gibby Koldenhof, Institute for Computer, The Netherlands

Amer Ali, North Western Medical Physics, UK

Sykes Jonathan, North Western Medical Physics, UK

Moore Christopher, North Western Medical Physics, UK

Christian Tominski, University of Rostock, Germany

Heidrun Schumann, University of Rostock, Germany

Brian Farrimond, Liverpool Hope University College

Robina Hetherington, Liverpool Hope University College

Yongmin Zhong, Monash University, Australia

Bijan Shirinzadeh, Monash University, Australia

Susana L?pez, European Virtual Engineering (EUVE), Vitoria - Spain

Borja Fern?ndez, European Virtual Engineering (EUVE), Vitoria - Spain

Arkaitz Glz. de Arrieta, European Virtual Engineering (EUVE), Vitoria - Spain

Jos? Daniel G?mez de Segura, European Virtual Engineering (EUVE), Vitoria - Spain

Alex Garc?a-Alonso, European Virtual Engineering (EUVE), Vitoria - Spain

Weidong Sun, Tsignhua University, Beijing, China

Shaoxing Hu, Peking University, Beijing, China

Cheng Qian, Tsignhua University, Beijing, China

Aiwu Zhang, Tsignhua University, Beijing, China

G. Fuchs, University of Rostock, Germany

H. Schumann, University of Rostock, Germany

Peter Gatalsky, Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Germany

Natalia Andrienko, Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Germany

Gennady Andrienko, Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems, Germany

Etien L. Koua, International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC), The Netherlands

Menno-Jan Kraak, International Institute for Geoinformation Science and Earth Observation (ITC), The Netherlands

Thomas Porathe, M?lardalen University, Sweden

Toshiyuki Okamura, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Buntarou Shizuki, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Jiro Tanaka, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Rameshsharma Ramloll, National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington D.C.

Cheryl Trepagnier, Catholic University of America

Marc Sebrechts, Catholic University of America

Jaishree Beedasy, University of Mauritius

Peter Ferschin, Vienna University of Technology

Andreas Gramelhofer, Vienna University of Technology

C?line Paloc, VICOMTech, Spain

Eduardo Carrasco, VICOMTech, Spain

Iv?n Mac?, VICOMTech, Spain

Rub?n G?mez, VICOMTech, Spain

I?igo Barandiar?, VICOMTech, Spain

Jos? Manuel Jim?nez, STT Engineering & Systems S.L., Spain

Oskar Rueda, Bilbom?tica S.A., Spain

Jorge Ortiz de Urbina, Hepatobiliary Surgery & Hepatic Transplant Unit, Spain

Andr?s Valdivieso, Hepatobiliary Surgery & Hepatic Transplant Unit, Spain

Georgios Sakas, Fraunhofer IGD, Germany

Pierre-Fr?d?ric Villard, LIRIS, France

Micha? Beuve, LIRIS, France

Behzad Shariat, LIRIS, France

Vincent Baudet, LIRIS, France

Fabrice Jaillet, LIRIS, France

Ida Olofsson, ReachIn Technologies, Sweden

Karljohan Lundin, Link?ping University, Sweden

Matthew Cooper, Link?ping University, Sweden

Per Kj?ll, Elekta AB, Sweden

Anders Ynnerman, Link?ping University, Sweden

Pourang Irani, University of Manitoba, Canada

Dean Slonowsky, University of Manitoba, Canada

Peer Shajahan, University of Manitoba, Canada

Shiguo Lian, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China

Jinsheng Sun, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China

Zhiquan Wang, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China

Hiroaki Kameyama, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Buntarou Shizuki, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Jiro Tanaka, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Edgar Meyer, University of New Mexico-Taos

Manling Tan, University of Wolverhampton

Xin Zeng, University of Wolverhampton

Nancy Diniz, Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, UCL, London, UK

C?sar Branco, PTMG, Lisbon, Portugal

Greg Judelman, Universit?t zu L?beck, Germany

Vasileios Mezaris, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Greece

Haralambos Doulaverakis, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Greece

Raul Medina Beltran de Otalora, Munich University of Technology, Greece

Stephan Herrmann, Munich University of Technology, Greece

Ioannis Kompatsiaris, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Greece

Michael G. Strintzis, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece; Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Greece

Christian Ferran Bennstr?, Universitat Polit?cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain

Josep R. Casas, Universitat Polit?cnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain

Sam H. Minelli, Fratelli Alinari Photo Archives, Florence, Italy

Andrea de Polo, Fratelli Alinari Photo Archives, Florence, Italy

L. Capodiferro, Fondazione "Ugo Bordoni", Roma, Italy

E. D. Di Claudio, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy

F. Iacolucci, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy

A. Laurenti, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy

G. Jacovitti, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy

Mao Lin Huang, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

Wu Quan, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

Xiaobin Shen, The University of Sydney

Peter Eades, The University of Sydney

Ren? Reitsma, Oregon State University

Stanislav Trubin, Oregon State University

Saurabh Sethia, Oregon State University

?scar Mealha, University of Aveiro

Beatriz Sousa Santos, University of Aveiro

Jos? Nunes, University of Aveiro

Florin Zamfir, University of Aveiro

Dirk Burmeister, Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics

Stephan Grimm, Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics

Joerg Haist, Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics

Pourang Irani, University of Manitoba, Canada

Colin Ware, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH

Cesar Perez, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid - Spain

Angelica de Antonio, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid - Spain

Nicoletta Adamo-Villani, Purdue University

Gerardo Beni, University of California, Riverside

Anselm Spoerri, Rutgers University, NJ

Gouthami Chintalapani, University of Maryland, College Park

Catherine Plaisant, University of Maryland, College Park

Ben Shneiderman, University of Maryland, College Park

Dennis P. Groth, Indiana University School of Informatics, Bloomington, IN

Jonathan M. Stott, University of Kent, UK

Peter Rodgers, University of Kent, UK

Carsten Maple, University of Luton, UK

Yu Wang, University of Luton, UK

Hovhannes A. Harutyunyan, Concordia University, Canada

Perouz Taslakian, Concordia University, Canada

Fran?ois Boutin, LIRMM, CNRS, University Montpellier II

Mountaz Hasco?, LIRMM, CNRS, University Montpellier II

Ayhan Basak, European University of Lefke

Fabien Jourdan, LIRMM, France

Guy Melan?on, LIRMM, France

Andrea Vietri, Universit? Roma1

Kan Liu, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, China

Ping Liu, University of Leeds, UK

Andrew Vande Moere, University of Sydney

Jian J. Zhang, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom

Lihua You, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom

A. Duysak, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom

Jian J. Zhang, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom

Krzysztof T. Tytkowski, Silesian University of Technology, Poland

E. Mr?wka, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

A. Dorado, Universidad Javeriana, Cali, Colombia; University of London, UK

W. Pedrycz, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

E. Izquierdo, University of London, UK

L. Capodiferro, Fondazione "Ugo Bordoni", Roma, Italy

A. Neri, University of "Roma TRE", Roma, Italy

M. Nibaldi, University of "Roma TRE", Roma, Italy

G. Jacovitti, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Roma, Italy

Ebroul Izquierdo, Queen Mary University of London, UK

Ivan Damnjanovic, Queen Mary University of London, UK

Paulo Villegas, Telef?nica I+D, Spain

Li-Qun Xu, BT Research & Venturing, British Telecommunications PLC, UK

Stephan Herrmann, Technical University of Munich, Germany

Wolfgang H?, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit?t, Germany

Georg G?, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit?t, Germany

Tobias Lauer, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit?t, Germany

Mina Akaishi, RCAST, University of Tokyo, Japan

Yoshihiro Okada, Kyushu University, Japan

Joris Klerkx, K.U. Leuven, Belgium

Erik Duval, K.U. Leuven, Belgium

Michael Meire, K.U. Leuven, Belgium

Harri Siirtola, University of Tampere

Maryam Samiei, Simon Fraser University

John Dill, Simon Fraser University

Arthur Kirkpatrick, Simon Fraser University

Juri Sch?dlich, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, Germany

Kizito Mukasa, Kaiserslautern University of Technology, Germany

Keith V. Nesbitt, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia

Carsten Waldeck, ZGDV - Computer Graphics Center

Dirk Balfanz, ZGDV - Computer Graphics Center

Mike Thelwall, University of Wolverhampton, UK

Khurshid Ahmad, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

Bogdan Vrusias, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

Martin Cad?, Czech Technical University in Prague

Pavel Slav?, Czech Technical University in Prague

Remo A. Burkhard, University of St. Gallen

Andrew Crossan, National University of Ireland

John Williamson, University of Glasgow, Scotland

Roderick Murray-Smith, National University of Ireland; University of Glasgow, Scotland

I. Goncharenko, 3D Incorporated, Japan

M. Svinin, Bio-Mimetic Control Research Center, RIKEN, Japan

S. Matsumoto, 3D Incorporated, Japan

Y. Masui, Nagoya University, Japan

Y. Kanou, 3D Incorporated, Japan

S. Hosoe, Bio-Mimetic Control Research Center, RIKEN, Japan; Nagoya University, Japan

Flavien Maingreaud, National Nuclear Testing Commission (CEA/DRT/SCRI/LEMS); Universit? de Paris 6, France

Edwigs Pissaloux, Universit? de Paris 6, France

Ramiro Velazquez, Universit? de Paris 6, France

Simon Meers, University of Wollongong, Australia

Koren Ward, University of Wollongong, Australia

Roman Zenka, Czech Technical University

Pavel Slavik, Czech Technical University

Ermir Qeli, University of Marburg, Germany

Wolfgang Wiechert, University of Siegen, Germany

Bernd Freisleben, University of Marburg, Germany

Rossano Barone, University of Sussex, UK

Peter C-H. Cheng, University of Sussex, UK

Jukka Raisamo, University of Tampere, Finland

Roope Raisamo, University of Tampere, Finland

P?ivi K?rkk?inen, University of Tampere, Finland

Chee Un Ng, University of Warwick, UK

Graham R. Martin, University of Warwick, UK

Geoff Ellis, Huddersfield University

Alan Dix, Lancaster University

Sung Park, Georgia Institute of Technology

Richard Catrambone, Georgia Institute of Technology

Peter Revesz, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln

Shasha Wu, Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln

Enrico Bertini, Universit? di Roma "La Sapienza"

Giuseppe Santucci, Universit? di Roma "La Sapienza"

Jamie Sands, Napier University, UK

Shaun W. Lawson, Napier University, UK

David Benyon, Napier University, UK

Mike Bennett, Media Lab Europe, Ireland

Fred Cummins, University College Dublin, Ireland

Tim Altom, IUPUI

Melynda Buher, IUPUI

Michael Downey, IUPUI

Anthony Faiola, IUPUI

Simon Attfield, University College London Interaction Centre, Great Britain

Ann Blandford, University College London Interaction Centre, Great Britain

Brock Craft, University College London Interaction Centre, Great Britain

Dessislava Peeva, Connecticut College

Bridget Baird, Connecticut College

Ozgur Izmirli, Connecticut College

Donald Blevins, Connecticut College

Keith V. Nesbitt, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, Australia

Andy Brown, University of Manchester, UK

Robert Stevens, University of Manchester, UK

Steve Pettifer, University of Manchester, UK

Delfina Malandrino, Universit? di Salerno, Italy

Pasquale Meo, Universit? di Salerno, Italy

Giuseppina Palmieri, Universit? di Salerno, Italy

Vittorio Scarano, Universit? di Salerno, Italy

Euclid Keramopoulos, T.E.I. of Thessaloniki, Greece

Philippos Pouyioutas, Department of Computer Science, Intercollege, Cyprus

Tasos Ptohos, University of Westminster, UK

Quang Vinh Nguyen, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

Mao Lin Huang, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

Igor Hawryszkiewycz, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia

Christopher Lamb, University of Greenwich

Duncan Berntsen, University of Greenwich

Stefan Kueppers, CSM, The London Institute

Francis T. Marchese, Pace University, New York, NY

Nicoletta Adamo-Villani, Purdue University

John Doublestein, Purdue University

Zachary Martin, Purdue University

Charles Boisvert, City College Norwich

N. Barlow, University of Plymouth, UK

L. J. Stuart, University of Plymouth, UK

Edward Suvanaphen, University of Kent at Canterbury

Jonathan C. Roberts, University of Kent at Canterbury

Andreas Halm, TU Braunschweig

Lars Offen, TU Braunschweig

Dieter Fellner, TU Braunschweig

Hu Jiawei, UMIST, United Kingdom; Canon Research Centre Europe, United Kingdom

Alex Bailey, Canon Research Centre Europe, United Kingdom

Alistair Sutcliffe, UMIST, United Kingdom

Edwin H. Blake, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa

Fotis Liarokapis, University of Sussex

Martin White, University of Sussex

Paul Lister, University of Sussex

Anthony Steed, University College London, UK

Ian MacColl, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

Cliff Randell, University of Bristol, UK

Barry Brown, University of Glasgow, UK

Matthew Chalmers, University of Glasgow, UK

Chris Greenhalgh, University of Nottingham, UK

Carsten Maple, University of Luton, U.K.

Rob Manton, University of Luton, U.K.

Helen Jacobs, University of Luton, U.K.

Noritaka Osawa, National Institute of Multimedia Education, Japan; The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Japan

Kim. Sangtae, University of Tsukuba, Japan

Yijun Yu, University of Toronto, Canada

Kristof Beyls, University of Ghent, Belgium

Erik H. D'Hollander, University of Ghent, Belgium

Leendert W. M. Wienhofen, CognIT a.s., Norway

Natasha Queiroz Lino, The University of Edinburgh, UK

Austin Tate, The University of Edinburgh, UK

Beatriz Sousa Santos, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal

Florin Zamfir, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal

Carlos Ferreira, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal; Universidade Cl?ssica de Liboa, Portugal

?scar Mealha, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal

Jos? Nunes, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal

John Counsell, UWE, Bristol

Jules Moloney, University of Auckland and the Spatial InformationArchitecture Laboratory

Lawrence Harvey, University of Auckland and the Spatial InformationArchitecture Laboratory

Ali Malkawi, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

Ravi Srinivasan, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

Benjamin Jackson, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

Yun Yi, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

Kin Chan, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

Stanislav Angelov, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA

ZhiDong Xiao, Bournemouth University, UK

Jian J. Zhang, Bournemouth University, UK

Stephen Bell, Bournemouth University, UK

Mohd Izani, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor

Ahmad Rafi Eshaq, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor

Nazri Zainuddin, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor

Aishah Razak, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Selangor

Roman Durikovic, The University of Aizu, Japan

Katsuhiro Numata, The University of Aizu, Japan

Satoshi Yonemoto, Kyushu Sangyo University, Japan

Rin-ichiro Taniguchi, Kyushu University, Japan

Keith M. Franklin, University of Kent, UK

Jonathan C. Roberts, University of Kent, UK

Thomas Hermann, Bielefeld University, Germany

Helge Ritter, Bielefeld University, Germany

Andy Hunt, University of York, UK

Thomas Hermann, Bielefeld University, Germany

Sandra Pauletto, University of York, UK

Peer Shajahan, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

Pourang Irani, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

Mariko Sasakura, Okayama University, Japan

Susumu Yamasaki, Okayama University, Japan

Amnon Glassner, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel

Baruch B. Schwarz, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

N. Hussin, The University of Nottingham

D. Schofield, The University of Nottingham

M. Tarek Shalaby, The University of Nottingham

Norifumi Sunaoka, The Japanese Supplementary School in Luxembourg

Setsuo Yokoyama, Tokyo Gakugei University

Yoshiki Sato, Tokyo Gakugei University

Youzou Miyadera, Tokyo Gakugei University

M. Angelaccio, Universit? degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", ROMA (Italy)

B. Buttarazzi, Universit? degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", ROMA (Italy)

Bianchi Serique Meiguins, Universidade Federal do Par?, Brasil

Rosevaldo Dias de Souza J?nior, Universidade Federal do Par?, Brasil

Marcelo de Brito Garcia, Universidade Federal do Par?, Brasil

Aruanda Sim? Gon?alves, Universidade Federal do Par?, Brasil

Almira Karabeg, University of Oslo, Norway

M. Naci Akk?, University of Oslo, Norway

Karoline Kristensen, University of Oslo, Norway

Cheryl Kolak Dudek, Concordia University, Montreal

Lydia Sharman, Concordia University, Montreal

Fred E. Szabo, Concordia University, Montreal

Sushil Bhakar, Concordia University, Montreal

Eric Hortop, Concordia University, Montreal

Yun Li, Concordia University, Montreal

Wumo Pan, Concordia University, Montreal

Yasu Santo, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Francis Lam, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

Suzanne M. Marchese

Francis T. Marchese, Pace University, New York, NY

LiQin Tan, Rutgers University, NJ

Kevin W. Boyack, VisWave LLC, Albuquerque, NM

Ketan Mane, Indian University, Bloomington, IN

Katy B?rner, Indian University, Bloomington, IN

Rong Tang, Catholic University of America

R. K. Buter, Leiden University, The Netherlands

E. C. M. Noyons, Leiden University, The Netherlands

A. F. J. Van Raan, Leiden University, The Netherlands

Daniel O. Kutz, Indiana University, Bloomington

M. Sarfraz, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Saudi Arabia

M. R. Asim, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

A. Masood, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Wang Kun, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, China

Zheng Nanning, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, China

Goga Nicolae, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands

Florica Moldoveanu, Politehnica University of Bucharest, Romania

Alexandru Telea, Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands

Duke Gledhill, University of Huddersfield

Gui Yun Tian, University of Huddersfield

Dave Taylor, University of Huddersfield

David Clarke, Rotography Ltd

Lihua You, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom

Jian J. Zhang, Bournemouth University, United Kingdom

Chaomei Chen, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA

Polly Baker, Indiana University, UK