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11th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA'05)
Distributing the Frontend for Temperature Reduction
San Francisco, California
February 12-February 16
ISBN: 0-7695-2275-0
Pedro Chaparro, Intel Barcelona Research Center - Intel Labs - UPC
Grigorios Magklis, Intel Barcelona Research Center - Intel Labs - UPC
Jos? Gonz?lez, Intel Barcelona Research Center - Intel Labs - UPC
Antonio Gonz?lez, Intel Barcelona Research Center - Intel Labs - UPC
Due to increasing power densities, both on-chip average and peak temperatures are fast becoming a serious bottleneck in processor design. This is due to the cost of removing the heat generated, and the performance impact of dealing with thermal emergencies. So far microarchitectural techniques to control temperature have mainly focused on the processor backend (in particular the execution units), whereas the frontend has not received much attention. However, as the temperature of the backend remains controlled and the processor throughput increases, the eat dissipated by the frontend becomes more significant, and one of the major contributors to the total average temperature.
This paper proposes and evaluates a distributed frontend for clustered microarchitectures that is able to reduce power density and temperature. First, a distributed mechanism for renaming and committing instructions is proposed. Second, a sub-banked trace cache with a bank hopping mechanism is presented. Finally, a method to improve the sub-banking is proposed based on a biased mapping function to distribute bank accesses to balance temperature.
Citation:
Pedro Chaparro, Grigorios Magklis, Jos? Gonz?lez, Antonio Gonz?lez, "Distributing the Frontend for Temperature Reduction," hpca, pp.61-70, 11th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA'05), 2005
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