Previous research has examined different understandings of the concept of knowledge management and from this, a multiplicity of approaches to implement strategies have been derived. This paper presents research that examines the role of governance as a framework to ensure the effective delivery of a knowledge management strategy. Knowledge management governance is considered and a conceptual framework developed to appropriately position knowledge management governance within the organization. It draws on the results of research into knowledge management governance practices in a major scientific research facility and those in a confectionary manufacturer. We conclude that the implementation of a knowledge management strategy through such a framework ensures the delivery of anticipated benefits in an authorized and regulated manner.